Sound waves that have frequencies higher than 20,000 Hz produce ultrasound. Whales, hippos, rhinos, giraffes, elephants, and alligators all use infrasound to communicate across impressive distances – sometimes hundreds of miles! Despite our inability to hear infrasound, many animals use infrasonic waves to communicate in nature. Scientists use infrasound to detect earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, to map rock and petroleum formations underground, and to study activity in the human heart. Infrasonic waves have frequencies below 20 Hz, which makes them inaudible to the human ear. Waves below 20 Hz are called infrasonic waves (infrasound), while higher frequencies above 20,000 Hz are known as ultrasonic waves (ultrasound). This is because dog whistles produce sound waves that are below the human hearing range of 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. Other sounds, such as a dog whistle, are inaudible to the human ear. And while the sound of road construction early on Saturday morning is also audible, it certainly isn’t pleasant or soft. You’re likely to find the sounds produced by a piano player soft, audible, and musical. There are many different types of sound including, audible, inaudible, unpleasant, pleasant, soft, loud, noise and music. You may recognize this section from our blog post, “What is a Sound Wave in Physics?” Keep reading for a more in-depth look at sound waves. While the physiological definition includes a subject’s reception of sound, the physics definition recognizes that sound exists independently of an individual’s reception. When an object vibrates, it causes the surrounding air molecules to vibrate, initiating a chain reaction of sound wave vibrations throughout the medium. In physics, sound is produced in the form of a pressure wave. In physiology, sound is produced when an object’s vibrations move through a medium until they enter the human eardrum.
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